Gowramma I P, PhD

STEAM-based Exemplar Lesson Plan in Science on Reproduction in Plants

Lesson plan prepared by: Dr Chaitali Sarangi and Dr Gowramma I P
Drawing and PPT – Anwesita Sarangi, Class – 7

Introduction to the exemplar lesson plan

This modular lesson plan is developed considering the vision of NEP-2020 for the holistic development of child. Utmost care has been taken for all the children to fully involve, engage and enjoy the lesson. This lesson helps to promote children’s mental, physical, emotional, social and moral development. It takes multidisciplinary approach and integrate science, social science, fine arts, and technology. It provides ample opportunity to teachers as well as students for using technology effectively and efficiently in the teaching learning process there by enhancing conceptual understanding in learning.

This lesson plan is having two major parts like Role of teacher and work for students. The first role of the teacher is to present the topic before the students by using multiple methods to cater the need of all types of learners. Specially in this lesson plan it is recommended to use smart board, video lessons, power point presentations in one hand as well as to bring various locally and easily available materials to class on the other hand. Use of technology help the variably able students to understand the lesson at their own pace at the same time help to complete the lesson with in specific time limit. After completing the presentation and explanation of the topic, the second important role of teacher is to assign works for students. Here teacher plays the role of a guide, supervisor or mentor and promote the development of all the twenty first century skills required in a child to be a global citizen. The second major focus of the lesson plan is work for students. In this section utmost care has been taken to involve and engage every child according to their interest. Four major activities like developing a write up on the topic including all possible art works, second is preparing a power point presentation, third is carrying out some activity and experimentation, and the fourth one is gathering interesting facts, answer to critical questions on the topic. The most important aspect of designing work for student is every student can choose any kind of work according to their interest again they can change their group in next lesson as per their need. Here role of teacher is to constantly guide, support and help the child to accomplish their work whenever required. By planning such kind of activities emphasis has been giver to integrate science with art social science and technology. At the same time, it also promotes to develop some life skills in students like communication, cooperation caring, sharing etc. This lesson plan emphasizes love for nature, respect for diversity, as well as local context, experimentation exploration, etc. It also focusses on, logical and critical thinking and developing higher order thinking skills.

Finally, this lesson plan aims at development of cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills of the child. most importantly the team work and working in the field can provide immense pleasure and happiness to the child. instead of giving emphasis to competition and comparison this lesson plan promotes caring, sharing, and team work, while learning. So, it aims at creating healthy atmosphere, having space for every learner while mastering the twenty-first century skills for a good global citizenry.

 

Topic – Reproduction in Plants
Class – 7
(Based on the content, the topic can be divided into multiple lessons)

Mind Map

 

Based on the content, this content can be divided into three lesson plans

1. Vegetative propagation in plants
2. Asexual reproduction in plants
3. Sexual reproduction in plants

 

Lesson Plan – 1
Topic – Vegetative Propagation in Plants
Time: 45 – 50 minutes

Learning objectives

We are learning to

1. Know what is vegetative propagation and types of vegetative propagation.
2. Identify vegetative plant parts taking part in propagation.
3. Classify types of stem taking part in vegetative propagation.
4. List examples of plants that reproduce through stem, root and leaf.
5. Differentiate natural and artificial means of vegetative propagation.
6. Draw pictures of various types of vegetative propagation by stem root and leaves
7. Prepare a PowerPoint presentation on vegetative propagation.
8. Develop a garden corner in school with various vegetative propagations
9. Record the growth rate of various vegetatively propagated plants.
10. Share knowledge, material and experience with the class.
11. Appreciate the advanced techniques of tissue culture and grafting and its benefits to human.
12. Appreciate nature for the eagerness to propagate and maintain balance.

 

Teacher’s Role – 1 (5-10 minutes)

General guidelines for all students

Questioning and discussion

1. What are the important characteristics of living organisms?
2. Is there any difference between the reproduction of plants and animals?
3. How do plants reproduce?

Mind Map

 

Teacher’s role – 2 (20 – 30 minutes)

1. Multiple presentation of vegetative propagation by teacher:
   • Using smart boards – Teachers can show pictures and videos regarding natural and artificial means of vegetative propagation and discuss the topic with the students.
   • They can bring materials – like onion, potato, Colocasia, Bryophyllum leaf, chrysanthemum, grasses, etc. to show and discuss vegetative propagation.
   • Teacher can show video lessons – and instruct students to make groups and discuss among themselves.
   • Teacher can provide – major points and some class notes.
   • After completing the discussion teacher should give some questions to the students to think critically and to discuss upon the topic.

Think and tell

1. Do you find vegetative propagation in animals? Give reason to your answer.
2. Various fruiting and flowering plants like mango, guava, rose plant can be propagated from seeds or by stem cuttings. Then why we are going for grafting in such case?
3. Do you think there is any relation between type of propagation and number and vegetation cover of plants?
4. Except propagation what is common to all underground stems and roots.?
5. Tissue culture requires well maintained laboratory, spending of material, money and time, when plants are growing easily in nature, what is the utility of tissue culture?

Note – (Teacher can adopt any one or more than one method to discuss the topic

 

2. After a brief presentation and discussion of the topic, the teacher can divide the class into four groups and give assignments to promote self-learning and exploration.

Group A	To write the mind map, definition, write up with art regarding vegetative propagation.
Group B	To bring vegetative parts of the plant, propagate in soil, take observation and record it in every seven days till one month.
Group C	Preparing a PowerPoint presentation on vegetative propagation.
Group D	Collect all types of interesting facts about vegetative propagation and new information and develop a write-up.

Note – Based on the student’s interest they can choose to participate in any group

 

Students’ work – Group A
Vegetative Propagation

Key Concept:

• A kind of reproduction in which new plants grow from vegetative parts of the parent plant is called vegetative propagation.
• It can take place both naturally or artificially.
• Naturally, most of the plants reproduce vegetatively through roots, stems and leaves.
• Vegetative propagation by natural means.

Reproduction from stems – Plants can grow vegetatively either from

1. Horizontal stems
2. Underground stems

1. (i) Propagation through horizontal stems

1. (i) a. Runner

• • It is a slender branch that creeps some distance away from the mother plant on the ground.
  • It roots itself at the node and grows into a new plant. Ex – wood-sorrel, grass.

 

 

 

1. (i) b. Stolons

• • They are lateral slender branches that arise from the base of the stem.
  • They initially grow upward and slowly drop to the ground.
  • They root themselves at the nodes, producing buds that grow into new plants.

 

 

 

 

1. (i) c. Offset

• • It is a short horizontal branch that arises from the axil of a leaf.
  • The branch elongates a little distance and then produces a cluster of leaves and a bunch of roots that fix themselves to the ground.
  • The offset breaks away from the mother plant and develops into an individual plant body.

 

 

 

1. (i) d. Suckers

• • They grow from the underground part of the main stem.
  • They develop roots underground and then grow obliquely upwards giving rise to new plants.

Example  – Chrysanthemum, apple elm, banana plant.

 

 

2. (ii) Propagation through undergrounds stems

• Some plants have underground stems that are swollen to store food.
• They have buds which can grow into new plants.
• Tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and corms are some of the underground stems.

2. (ii) a. Tubers

• 

  • Tubers are the underground stems which possess small projections over the skin.
  • These small projections are called eyes.
  • When a piece of tuber containing an eye is planted in soil, it develops roots and shoots and grows into a new plant.

Example  – Potato

 

2. (ii) b. Bulb

• • It is an underground swollen stem which reproduces vegetatively.
  • It possesses a terminal bud at the centre.
  • Fleshy scale leaves having stored food materials surround the bud.
  • When a bulb is planted into the soil new shoots arise from it
  • The bulbs also grow underground.

Example  – Onion, garlic, lily, etc.

 

 

2. (ii) c. Rhizomes

• • Rhizomes have scaly leaves on them.
  • These buds are present at the axil of the scaly leaves of rhizomes.
  • These buds grow into new shoots upward.

Example – Ginger, asparagus, etc. 

 

 

2. (ii) d. Corm

• • These are also swollen stems that bear scaly leaves.
  • The buds arise at the axil of the scaly leaves.
  • When their buds are propagated, they develop into new plants.

Example – Yam, Colocasia, crocus, Gladiolus.

 

 

 

3. Reproduction from Roots

• • Some plants have fleshy and swollen roots.
  • These roots are called tuberous roots.
  • These roots contain small buds that grow into new plants when planted into the soil.

Example – Sweet potato, Dahlia, Beetroot, Carrot, etc.

 

 

 

4. Reproduction from Leaves

• • Some plants produce buds from the margin of their leaves.
  • These buds drop off from the leaves and fix themselves to the ground.
  • Later these buds grow into new plants.

Example – Bryophyllum, Begonia, etc.

 

5. Vegetative Propagation by Artificial Means

• • Vegetative propagation can also happen under artificial conditions to form new plants.
  • Some of the artificial methods of vegetative propagation are cutting, grafting, layering and tissue culture.

Example – Rose, mango, jasmine and grapes are some of the plants that can be propagated by artificial means.

5. a. Cutting

• • In this method, the stem of a plant is cut and planted in a new pot or soil.
  • The cut stem eventually develops new roots and shoots and grows into a new plant.

Example – Hibiscus, rose, etc.

5. b. Grafting

• • It involves two plants of the same species.
  • A bud or stem cutting from one plant is inserted into the groove of the second plant which is rooted to the ground.
  • The cut stem is called scion and the rooted part is called a stalk.
  • The graft is covered with a layer of soil and compost.
  • The stock and scion join together to form a new plant.

 

 

5. c. Layering

• • In this method, a part of the branch is bent down and covered with soil.
  • The remaining part of the branch is placed above the soil.
  • A heavy brick is placed over the layered soil which is watered regularly. Once roots start developing new shoots will grow from the ground and the branch can be cut from the parent plant.

 

5. d. Tissue Culture

• • In this method, an artificial medium containing all the macro and micro nutrients is prepared and kept in a conical flask.
  • Cut parts of a plant are inoculated into it to give rise to new roots and shoot.
  • Then newly grown plants can be transferred to soil.

 

Advantages of Vegetative Propagation

• • We can get large quantities of plants in a short period of time.
  • The new reproduced plants have the exact characteristics of the parent plants.
  • It is easy to produce new varieties of plants with required characteristics.
  • Vegetative plants grow faster than other plants and need less attention.
  • The plants grown are disease-free.

 

Students’ work – Group B

To create a PowerPoint presentation on vegetative propagation in plants.

 

 

Students’ work – Group C

Aim: To bring vegetative parts of the plant, propagate in soil, take observation and record it in every seven days till one month.

Materials required – Garden soil, thermocol glasses and cups, earthen pots, water, plant materials like – chrysanthemum, ginger, potato, onion, sweet potato, Colocasia, dahlia, Bryophyllum, cuttings of hibiscus, rose, etc.

Procedure – It is advised to the children of this group to collect materials from their own home, garden or surrounding. Children have to bring garden soil from school garden. Children can select a place for propagation either in one corner of the classroom or in the corridor or in the school garden, where there is proper light and aeration. The have to propagate the plant material in the earthen pots or thermocol cups and glasses as per suitability. This work is to be carried out with the guidance and supervision of the concerned teacher. They have to water the plants every day. Children have to take the observation and record the changes at a regular interval.

SI. no.	Material	Growth in 7 days	14 days	21 days	1 month
1	Chrysanthemum
2	Onion
3	Potato
4	Ginger
5	Carrot
6	Hibiscus

 

Findings and Interpretation

Children have to write the findings after an observation of one month. They have to interpret regarding the pattern of growth of different plant materials. They can also take photographs of the plant materials from time to time.

Note – Students can mention their experience, their feelings while working in the field and as a team member of their team.

For some common plants like grass, hibiscus, rose, teacher can make the children visit the school garden and take their observation.

 

Students’ work – Group D

Collecting some interesting facts regarding vegetative propagation in plants:

• Vegetative reproduction uses mitosis. This means that the newly created cell is a clone, and identical to the parent cell.
• There are more microorganisms in one teaspoon of soil than there are people on earth.
• Some plants put out new roots underground, have bulbs, or grow new vines and shoots above ground. By this process, new plants can be grown naturally without any seeds or spores.
• Grafting only works with dicots and gymnosperms, and not with monocots.
• Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that the plants have a capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell/explant.

• 

  Vegetative reproductionis a kind of asexual reproduction and many plants do it.

• Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition.
• The commercial production of plants used as potting, landscape, and florist subjects, which uses meristem and shoot culture to produce large numbers of identical individuals.
• Layering is generally successful, because water stress is minimized and carbohydrate and mineral nutrient levels are high.

  

• It is difficult to produce a large number of plants through layering and this method does not use propagation material economically.

 

 

 

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